What is the difference between sadness and depression?

Feeling sad from time to time is normal. We can feel sad for various reasons, such as learning our friend is moving away, fighting with a loved one, or not achieving a personal goal. But what is the difference between sadness and depression?

Unlike sadness, depression is a mental health condition characterized by a depressed mood or loss of pleasure or interest in activities over a long period of time. While sadness eventually vanishes, depression is persistent. A person experiencing depression feels sad or empty for several days — or almost every day — for at least two weeks.

Haley Grupe, a licensed marriage and family therapist at Sharp Mesa Vista, says depression can also have the following symptoms:

• Feeling irritable or angry

• Feeling exhausted or having low energy

• Feeling worthless or guilty

• Eating too much or too little

• Sleeping too much or too little

• Struggling with concentration or making decisions

• Having thoughts of hopelessness or suicide

However, not all these symptoms need to be present for someone to have depression, Grupe says. A person may experience only a few symptoms at a time.

When depression affects your daily life

At times, an individual may not even realize they have depression, Grupe says. That’s why checking in with yourself often, taking a depression screening, or talking with a trusted individual is crucial, as depression can make life challenging.

“Someone with depression may experience interpersonal issues due to feeling withdrawn,” says Grupe. “They may also struggle to complete tasks at school or work, and not find enjoyment in activities they used to like.”

While there can be various factors that cause depression, sometimes, there may be no reason at all. No matter what the case may be — and whether someone’s depression is mild or severe — Grupe encourages anyone experiencing depression to seek help.

“If feeling depressed is affecting your life, or you’re experiencing symptoms for more than two weeks, talk with someone you trust, such as a loved one, counselor, pastor or your primary care doctor,” she says.

The importance of seeking treatment

Grupe adds that effective treatment options exist. This includes therapy, medication and support groups.

“For someone experiencing a severe form of depression, Sharp Mesa Vista has several programs, including inpatient, partial hospitalization and intensive outpatient programs that are group-based,” she says.

Grupe also stresses that depression is common. In the U.S., more than 1 in 8 people ages 12 and older have been depressed in recent years.

“Please don’t struggle alone,” Grupe says. “You may feel like everything is hopeless, but there is always hope.”

Call or text the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline at 988 if you are having thoughts of suicide and need help. And if you or a loved one is experiencing a severe mental health condition, learn how Sharp Mesa Vista can help.